Mavka Capital is a strategic and investment banking advisory
focused on Mobility, Energy Transition, and Industrial AI.

Mobility

What happened

1. Global EV Sales Surge:

• Global EV sales projected to exceed 20 million units in 2025, with a 17-18% growth.

• China expected to lead with 12.9 million units, followed by Europe (3.5 million) and North America (2.1 million).

2. US Auto Market Performance:

• January US auto sales estimated at 1.15 million units, with a 16.2 million SAAR.

• EV sales accounted for 8.8% of new car sales in December 2024, setting a new record.

3. Individual Automaker Performance:

• Ford: Sold 5,666 EVs, up 21% YoY. Mustang Mach-E had its best January with 3,529 units sold.

• Honda: Prologue EV continued strong performance with 3,744 units sold.

• Hyundai: IONIQ 5 sales up 54% YoY with 2,250 units; IONIQ 6 sales up 15% YoY.

• Kia: Sold 1,542 EV6 models and 1,232 EV9 models.

4. BYD's Global Expansion:

• BYD set a new overseas EV sales record in January 2025.

• Total NEV sales exceeded 300,500 units, up nearly 50% from January 2024.

5. Norway's EV Dominance:

• Almost 96% of new cars registered in Norway in January were electric.

6. Hyundai's Global Performance:

• Reported global sales of 310,399 units, a 2.3% YoY decline.

• Strong performance in North America, with US January retail sales up 15% YoY.

7. Emerging Trends:

• Accelerated cloud adoption and improved connectivity in mobility.

• Rising security needs for connected mobility.

• AI solutions moving beyond testing phase.

Key trends

Global EV sales continue to grow rapidly, with projections indicating around 17 million units sold in 2024, representing over 20% of total car sales worldwide. This trend is expected to continue in 2025, with EVs potentially accounting for one out of every four vehicles sold.

China remains the largest EV market, followed by Europe and the United States. However, smaller markets like Brazil, Vietnam, and India are showing significant growth, suggesting a global expansion of EV adoption. The transition to electromobility is accelerating across diverse markets, with EVs becoming increasingly mainstream and affordable.

• EV sales are projected to reach 20 million units globally by 2025

• China is expected to remain the largest EV market, followed by Europe and the United States 2025

• In the US, electrified vehicles (including hybrids) could account for 25% of sales in 2025

• Global light vehicle production is forecasted to reach 89.6 million units in 2025, a 1.7% year-over-year increase

• The growth of EVs is driven by factors such as declining costs, expanding model options, and improving charging infrastructure

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Energy Transition

What happened

1. Global Nuclear Energy Momentum:

• Nuclear energy set to generate record levels of electricity in 2025.

• Over 20 countries launched a declaration to triple nuclear energy capacity by 2050 at COP28, with six more joining at COP29.

2. U.S. Energy Policy Shift:

• Trump administration issued an Executive Order to promote domestic energy production and terminate "green new deal" initiatives.

• 90-day pause on disbursement of Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) and Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) funds.

3. Global Energy Transition Forum:

• Launched by EU President von der Leyen in Davos.

• Aims to maintain momentum on clean energy transition and unlock more investment.

• Focus on boosting Africa's renewable energy production.

4. Renewable Energy Milestones:

• Renewables-based electricity generation expected to overtake coal-fired generation in 2025.

• Solar PV projected to meet half of the growth in global electricity demand over 2024 and 2025.

5. EU Progress:

• EU economy reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 2.6% in Q2 2024 while GDP grew by 1%.

• Increasing sustainability obligations and clean energy targets driving emissions reduction.

6. China's Energy Transition:

• Peak oil demand in China is projected to come in 2025, five years earlier than previously expected.

• China reiterated its commitment to addressing climate change challenges.

7. Renewable Energy Challenges:

• Over 500 gigawatts of potential wind energy capacity stuck in permitting queues in EU.

• Some projects facing delays of up to nine years.

8. Coal Consumption Persists:

• Global coal usage estimated at 8.7 billion tonnes in 2024, a 10% increase over the past decade.

9. Corporate Leadership:

• Amazon leads renewable energy push for fifth consecutive year.

10. Lithium Market:

• Lithium prices set for significant changes, impacting electric vehicle production.

Key trends

The global energy landscape is undergoing significant transformation, with renewable energy sources gaining prominence and new technologies reshaping the industry. Renewable electricity is set to overtake coal-generated electricity for the first time in 2025, accounting for 35% of global electricity supply. Solar PV is expected to meet about half of the growth in global electricity demand over 2024 and 2025. However, challenges persist, including policy shifts in some countries and the need for massive investments to meet climate goals.

• Global investment in energy transition hit a record $2.1 trillion in 2024, up 11% from the previous year.

• AI and data centers are becoming major drivers of electricity demand growth.

• Nuclear energy is experiencing a renaissance, with small modular reactors gaining traction.

• Industrial policy is taking center stage in shaping energy transition strategies.

• The cleantech manufacturing, AI, and carbon industries are competing for clean energy resources.

• Energy storage systems could see a breakout year in 2025 due to the intermittency of renewable power.

• The EU is making progress in reducing emissions while maintaining economic growth.

• China's peak oil demand is projected to occur in 2025, earlier than previously expected.

Industrial AI

What happened

1. Industry 5.0 and Sustainability:

• The European Union's Industry 5.0 initiative is driving a new focus on sustainability and AI governance in industrial settings. This evolution builds on technologies like AI/machine learning, industrial IoT, and digital twins to enhance environmental sustainability and human-machine integration.

2. Advancements in Industrial AI:

• Ambient invisible intelligence (AII) is emerging as an affordable solution for low-cost tracking and sensing of components and machinery in smart factories and warehouses.

• Polyfunctional robots are gaining traction, offering flexible designs capable of performing multiple tasks and enhancing human-machine interactions.

3. AI in Manufacturing:

• Predictive maintenance systems using AI and IoT sensors are becoming more prevalent, helping to reduce downtime and lower maintenance costs in industrial settings.

• AI-driven robotics and autonomous systems are revolutionizing manufacturing and logistics, with adaptive robots capable of making real-time adjustments based on sensor data.

4. AI Agents in Industry:

• Industrial AI agents, tailored for specific domains, are becoming more prominent. These agents offer more accurate and relevant guidance for industrial tasks, improving decision-making processes and operational efficiency.

5. Economic Impact:

• The Manufacturing PMI® registered 50.9 percent in January, indicating expansion in the manufacturing sector after 26 months of contraction. This growth is partly attributed to increased adoption of AI and automation technologies.

6. AI Governance:

• As industries with strict regulations adopt AI, the importance of AI governance is growing. Gartner predicts that by 2028, enterprises using AI governance platforms will achieve 30% higher customer trust ratings and 25% better regulatory compliance scores than their competitors.

Key trends

Industrial AI is becoming more sophisticated, accessible, and integrated into various sectors, with a focus on practical applications and tangible value. The trends indicate a shift towards more specialized and efficient AI solutions tailored for industrial use cases.

• Rise of industrial AI agents: Tailored AI solutions optimized for specific industrial domains are gaining traction, offering more accurate and relevant guidance for industrial tasks.

• Increased AI adoption in manufacturing: AI is being used for smarter problem-solving, decision-making, and to address the ongoing talent gap in the industry.

• Integration of generative AI: This technology is making industrial systems more user-friendly and accessible to workers without technical expertise.

• Focus on sustainability: AI is being leveraged to enhance environmental sustainability in industrial settings, aligning with initiatives like the EU's Industry 5.0.

• Advancement in predictive maintenance: AI-driven systems are becoming more prevalent, helping to reduce downtime and lower maintenance costs.

• Emphasis on AI governance: As AI adoption increases in regulated industries, the importance of AI governance is growing.